Lalit Garg
International Mother Language Day, observed on 21 February, is not merely a ritual to safeguard linguistic culture; it is a celebration of humanity’s cultural soul. In 2026, the theme “Youth Voices for Multilingual Education” underscores the idea that the linguistic direction of the future will be shaped by young generations. This year is especially significant as it marks the 25th anniversary (Silver Jubilee) of the observance. Proclaimed by UNESCO in 1999 and celebrated globally since 2000, the day has become a powerful symbol of linguistic rights and cultural identity.
The 2026 focus encourages young people aged 13 to 18 to engage actively in dialogue on preserving linguistic diversity, expanding education in mother tongues, and redefining the role of languages in the digital era. A mother tongue is not merely a collection of words; it is the first expression of a human being’s mind, intellect, and emotions. From birth, a child absorbs language through a mother’s lullabies, sounds, and conversations—long before any formal education begins. This language forms the foundation of thought, creativity, and identity. Research has consistently shown that when early education is delivered in a child’s mother tongue, comprehension, analytical ability, and self-confidence increase significantly. Yet, globally, nearly 40 percent of children do not receive education in a language they speak or understand. This disparity highlights the urgent need for inclusive linguistic policies.
The historical roots of this day trace back to 21 February 1952, when students in former East Pakistan protested for the recognition of Bengali as their mother tongue. Many were martyred in police firing. Later, East Pakistan became independent as Bangladesh. In memory of those language martyrs, International Mother Language Day stands today as a symbol of linguistic dignity and freedom. It reminds us that language is not only a means of communication but also the foundation of self-respect and independence. The 2026 theme places youth participation at the center. Today’s young generation lives in a digital ecosystem shaped by social media, artificial intelligence, and online education. This raises a critical question: Do digital platforms provide adequate space for mother tongues? Artificial intelligence can help revive endangered languages by creating dictionaries, audio archives, and translation systems. However, if technological advancement remains confined to a few dominant languages, linguistic inequality may deepen. Young people must therefore harness technology for the empowerment of their mother tongues—through apps, blogs, podcasts, YouTube channels, and digital libraries—bringing their languages onto global platforms.
According to UNESCO, cultural and linguistic diversity is essential for sustainable societies. Under its mandate to promote peace, the organization works to preserve differences in cultures and languages, fostering tolerance and mutual respect. Multilingual and multicultural societies survive through their languages, which transmit traditional knowledge and cultural heritage sustainably. Yet linguistic diversity continues to face grave threats as more languages disappear. The loss of a language is not merely the loss of words; it is the extinction of traditions, folklore, songs, and entire worldviews. In a multilingual nation like India, this challenge is also an opportunity. The People’s Linguistic Survey of India reports that hundreds of languages have vanished in recent decades. If the younger generation becomes disconnected from their mother tongues, their cultural roots weaken. Educational institutions must therefore promote multilingual education, incorporate local literature and folk culture into curricula, and provide platforms for youth expression in native languages.
A widespread misconception persists that only foreign languages guarantee progress. While global languages are important for international engagement, neglecting one’s mother tongue undermines originality and innovation. Education in the mother tongue fosters deeper understanding and creative thinking. India’s National Education Policy 2020 rightly emphasizes early education in mother tongues, supported by scientific research showing that students internalize knowledge more effectively when taught in a familiar language. Another misconception in India is that English alone represents the language of knowledge and advancement. However, research by UNESCO and other institutions confirms that education in one’s native language ensures holistic development. From a scientific perspective, mother tongue-based education is both rational and effective.
How can youth be drawn toward their mother tongues? First, language must be presented not as a burden but as a matter of pride. When we connect the achievements of our writers, scientists, and national icons with our native languages, it instills confidence and dignity. Second, creative platforms must be provided—poetry recitations, theatre, debates, blog writing, and digital content creation. Third, families must play a role; when daily conversations occur in the mother tongue, natural affinity develops. Sensitivity toward linguistic diversity is equally essential. India is home to hundreds of languages and dialects, each carrying a distinct worldview. No language is superior or inferior; all deserve equal respect. Hindi serves as a link language, yet Tamil, Bengali, Marathi, Gujarati, Odia, Assamese, Kannada, Malayalam, Punjabi, Kashmiri, and many others enrich the nation with their cultural treasures. Sanskrit preserves ancient wisdom, while regional languages carry living traditions.
In the digital era, youth should resolve to create at least one meaningful piece of work in their mother tongue—whether a blog, story, song, or educational video. Artificial intelligence-based translation tools and language models can help bring local content to global audiences. This not only preserves languages but also opens economic opportunities. Startups, e-learning platforms, and digital publishing in local languages can generate employment and foster inclusive growth. International Mother Language Day 2026 conveys a clear message: linguistic diversity is humanity’s true wealth. Achieving sustainable development requires inclusive education, and inclusive education rests upon mother tongue-based learning. When youth raise their voices in support of multilingual education, transformative social change becomes possible.
Today, we must take a collective pledge—to honor our mother tongues, establish them on digital platforms, and pass their legacy to future generations. Language is our soul; keeping it alive is our responsibility. On this International Mother Language Day, let the message resonate clearly: youth are the guardians of our linguistic future. When young generations remain rooted in their cultural foundations, the world becomes more inclusive, tolerant, and culturally enriched. |
