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| Congress, SP doing what League did before 1947 | | Towards Another Partition -- IV | | Rustam
JAMMU, Jan 25: The Muslim League, the Jamait-ul-ulma-e-Islam, political organ of a section of Deobandis, Dar-ul-Uloom, and the Aligarh School did not look back after March 23, 1940. Partition of India on communal basis became the chief plank in their programme. Jinnah was in the forefront. Ultimately, Jinnah got what he wanted. India was partitioned and Pakistan came into being in August 1947. Parts of Punjab and Bengal, Sind and North West Frontier Province (NWFP) constituted Pakistan. These were the areas where the demand for Pakistan was very weak. In fact, the Muslim leadership of these provinces opposed the demand for Pakistan for years. Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan, also called Badshah Khan and Sirhadi Gandhi, NWFP's great leader, a staunch Congress man and bitter critic of two-nation theory, accused the Congress leadership of betraying the Pustuns and accepting the demand of Pakistan for the sake of easy power. The fact of the matter is that it was basically the Muslim leadership in UP, Bihar and parts of Bombay Presidency who sought the division of India on communal lines saying "Islam was in danger". In other words, the demand for Pakistan came from the Hindu-majority provinces, with the Muslim leadership in UP doing the maximum damage.
The communal partition of India culminated in the displacement of population on an unprecedented scale, besides loot, plunder, violence, arson, murder, rape and destruction. The bulk of non-Muslims, including Hindus and Sikhs, migrated to India leaving behind everything. Their number ran in millions. Thousands of Muslims from different parts of India, especially Punjab, Bombay Presidency, UP and Bengal Presidency migrated to Pakistan. They are called Mohajirs because they were not accepted by the locals. They are mostly concentrated in Sind and Punjab. In other words, while the migration of non-Muslims from the West Pakistan was almost total, the migration of Muslims from India to Pakistan was not substantial. Majority of the Muslims stayed put in India, notwithstanding the fact that Pakistan was created exclusively for the Muslims. Nothing objectionable.
After the partition it was hoped that the people would eschew the demand for religion-based reservation or communal representation and that the Indian political leadership would hand down to the nation a secular and democratic constitution grating equal rights to all. The framers of the Indian Constitution did hand down to the nation a constitution that nowhere envisaged religion-based reservation. Notwithstanding the fact that over 90 per cent of the Indian Constitution was based on the divisive and communal Government of India Act of 1935, the system worked quite well for almost two decades. It was only during the time of Indira Gandhi that concerted attempts were made to subvert secularism in order to capture Muslim votes. Indira Gandhi even amended the constitution to include the word secularism in it. To be more precise, the Indira Gandhi regime and those who succeeded her, barring perhaps Morarji Desai and P V Narasimha Rao, did all what they could to create schism within the Indian society for vote-bank politics. Attempts were made to frighten the Muslims and other minorities, especially the Christian minority. They were given to understand that their truck with what they dubbed as "communal" organizations (read Jana Sangh, Shiv Sena and BJP) would jeopardize their economic and political interests. In fact, Indira Gandhi and others who succeeded her sharpened the angularities between the communities.
The congress played the worst kind of role. It established by its words and deeds that it could go to any extent to win the minority votes overlooking the dangerous ramifications of the policies it evolved and implemented from time to time to placate the minorities. What the Congress did had its very negative impact on the country's polity and society. The kind of politics the Congress played, particularly after 1969 also led to the rise of regional outfits all playing caste and communal politics to capture power. The Janata Party (JP), the Janata Dal (JD), the Samajwadi Party (SP), the Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD), the Nationalist Congress Party (NC), the Bahujan Samajwadi Party (BSP) and the Rashtriya Lok Dal (RLD) were some of them. All these formations widened the gulf between the Muslims and the Hindus in the name of secularism and democracy. The Left parties like the Communist Party of India (CPI), the Communist Party of India - Marxist (CPI-M), the Forward Block (FB), the Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP) and so on were the other formations which interpreted the terms secularism and democracy in a fashion that helped them keep the minorities aloof from the mainstream politics. All these formations continue to play the communal card even today and shamelessly and brazenly, thus indicating that they would win the elections hands down in case they capture the minority votes. (To be continued) |
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