The alarming rainfall deficit of 69% in November 2024 in Jammu and Kashmir has raised serious concerns about the region’s water security, agriculture, and climate resilience.
With Srinagar and Jammu recording 74% and 78% less rainfall than usual, respectively, this trend is a stark reminder of the escalating challenges posed by climate change and the urgent need for sustainable water management practices.
This year, Kashmir not only experienced deficient rainfall but also unseasonably high temperatures, a combination that underscores the shifting dynamics of its climate.
Traditionally, November marks the transition into the wet and cold season, replenishing water bodies and supporting winter crops. However, the stark deficit has disrupted this cycle, potentially jeopardizing the agricultural and hydrological balance of the region.
Jammu & Kashmir’s economy heavily depends on agriculture and horticulture. Crops such as wheat, mustard, and apple orchards rely on a stable pattern of rainfall. A deficit of this magnitude can reduce soil moisture, delay sowing cycles, and diminish yields. Moreover, lesser precipitation impacts the region’s traditional water sources—springs, streams, and rivers—which are critical for irrigation and drinking water supply. Farmers, already burdened by market fluctuations and input costs, now face the compounded stress of unpredictable weather patterns.
The looming crisis is also a threat to hydroelectric power generation, the backbone of J&K’s energy sector. Diminished inflows into rivers can reduce electricity production, creating ripple effects for households, industries, and the overall economy.
The rainfall deficit is not an isolated event but part of a broader pattern of climate change. The Himalayan region, including Jammu & Kashmir, has been witnessing erratic weather events, including unseasonal rainfall, extended dry spells, and unprecedented heatwaves. Rising temperatures accelerate glacial melting, which may temporarily boost river flows but depletes long-term water reserves. This year’s high temperatures likely contributed to increased evapotranspiration, further exacerbating the water deficit.
Experts have been warning about these patterns for years, emphasizing the need for adaptive measures. Yet, policy responses remain sluggish. It is imperative to integrate climate-resilient strategies into the region’s developmental framework.
The rainfall deficit should serve as a wake-up call for authorities and citizens alike. Comprehensive measures are needed to address the crisis and build resilience against future climate shocks.
Reviving traditional water storage systems, building check dams, and promoting rainwater harvesting can mitigate the impact of rainfall deficits.
Farmers must be encouraged to adopt drought-resistant crops, precision irrigation, and organic farming practices to conserve water. |
