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| Impact of Climate Change in J&K | | | Dr. Banarsi Lal and Dr. Pawan Sharma | 1/24/2019 11:09:54 PM |
| The catastrophe of flash floods and land sliding in Jammu and Kashmir on 6th September, 2014 is the best example of climate change.
Agriculture is greatly influenced by the climate change. Hill agriculture is mostly rain fed and driven by biomass energy of surrounding forests and confined to terraces carved out of hill slopes. Paddy, wheat and mustard productions may be reduced by 6%, 4% and 4%, respectively by the climate change. The deficit in food grains and vegetables production in Jammu and Kashmir region has put food security of the state at a great risk. Invasion of weeds and insect-pests and diseases in the croplands have also been increased in the state. In recent years, the huge chunk of paddy land has been converted into rain-fed dry land in the districts of Kulgam, Anantnag, Baramulla, Bandipora, Badgam, Pulwama and Shopian. The agro biodiversity of the state is at a risk and there is need to change the crops and cropping patterns.
There is need to create awareness on weather forecasting among farmers. There is need to use the best practices for water conservation like drip irrigation, sprinkle irrigation etc. There is also the need to adopt the organic farming and introduction of non-polluting traditional methods for farming. Green manure, bio-manure, vermi-compost, compost, neem tree products, cow urine etc. should be promoted so that safe and healthy food can be produced for the people. There is need to develop crop varieties with more drought tolerance.
The Indus Basin is important source of water for the farmers of hills areas and plains. Climate change is expected to influence the hydrological cycle of water bodies, water supply systems and exacerbate requirement of water in different regions. The disturbances of the hydrological cycle are expected to enhance the current stress on water resources. Increase in the temperature and changes in rainfall pattern will influence the hydrological cycle. Increase in rates of evapotranspiration, decrease in fresh water availability, mass losses from glaciers and reductions in snow cover will also affect the hydrological cycle. The reduction in ice cover across the globe, especially in mountain glaciers is seen as evidence of climate change. Tourism is highly dependent on the climate and seasonal variations. Change in the duration and quality of climate-dependent tourism seasons can influence the profitability of the tourism in the state.
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